The hypothesis of the formation of "angel hair"

General information

"Angel hair" is called spider, a gelatinous mass, which sometimes fall to the ground, and a few hours later evaporates. (In the hands of "hair" melt or turn into stinking lumps). In American UFOlogy "web" known as "angel hair", the Italians call it "silicon cotton", as the French call falling from the sky translucent fibers "gift of the Madonna". [1] Their appearance traditionally associated with UFOs.

History

It is believed that the first mention of them can be found in the papyrus of Pharaoh Thutmose III, who is in the collection of the Director of the Egyptian Department of the Vatican Museum and describes the following phenomenon: "In the twenty-second year in the third month of winter at 6 o'clock the House of Life scribes saw in the sky moving fire circle. Its dimensions were elbow to elbow length and in width. They prostrated themselves and reported to Pharaoh, and he thought about this event. After a few days the objects in the sky were numerous and shone brighter than the sun. And Pharaoh with the army looked at them. By the evening fire circles ascended higher and moved in the direction of the South... From the sky fell volatile substance... this has not happened since the Foundation of the Earth... And the Pharaoh had offered incense to the gods, and commanded to put the incident in the annals of the House of Life." [2]

Later references include the supervision of 16 Nov 1857, Charleston, USA. A night on the town scurried bright "comet", and in the morning everywhere was full of cobwebs, but no spiders. And in 1881 in Milwaukee, USA the sky was entirely overcast angel's hair that made a lasting impression on the locals. Data were captured in the magazine "scientific American".[3]
 

angel_hair_03.jpg

angel_hair_01.jpg

"Angel hair" under the microscope. (Source: vko.ru)

To associate with a UFO directly they began in October 1954. October 27, Gennaro, Lucetti and Pietro of Lastrucci sat on the balcony of St. Mark's square in Venice, Italy. At the same time they noticed two spindle-shaped object that rotates and sailed across the sky. Behind them stretched traces, like the white flame. Objects at a high speed went across the sky, made a smooth 180-degree turn and disappeared over the horizon. A few minutes later a UFO could observe the participants and spectators of a football match in Florence. Besides the teams and the referees at the stadium was attended by about 10 thousand spectators, and journalists. The match had to be interrupted because everyone's attention was riveted on the flying "cigars". But even then resume the game failed – it turned out that a football field is covered with a transparent sticky web. [4]

Existing hypotheses

Among attempts to explain the phenomenon we can distinguish the following hypotheses:

• American ufologist Charles Maini suggested that "angel hair" is a tangible result of the work of the engines of the UFO emitted to the outside such as exhaust gases of internal combustion engines. Rapid evaporation residues he explains that this substance is very unstable in our reality and disappears, moving to more familiar space-time.
• Other UFOlogy suggested that the celestial web is a materialization of some spiritual powers, like ectoplasm, appearing at seances. [4]
• In 2001, Nikolai Subbotin, Director of the Russian UFO research station RUFORS coined the term "chemtrails", which was a literal translation of the same foreign concept "chemtrail". He suggested that this substance is formed after the openings in the atmosphere of aircraft of a certain design in the spraying them with some chemicals. [5]
• Entomologists declare that no mystery exists, and it is a fibrous substance – just a lot of broken web carried by the wind. In confirmation of their theory they cite the example of a tiny lenify, though having wings, but is able to be transported by air in a very original way. The spider just turns her torso to the wind and releases from the back of a long thin thread. As soon as the wind picks up the thread in the air, a spider fast to it takes a hold and thus overcomes a pretty decent distance. [6, 13]

However, none of these hypotheses can not be considered strictly scientific: the first two explain the phenomenon using not scientifically proven things, the existence of "dimitras", described N. Subbotin also not proven. From [6], it follows that and entomological hypothesis still has not found practical evidence.

Thus, the question of the formation of "angel hair" is still open, which allows researchers to propose new hypotheses.

A new hypothesis

According to the research of the separated composition, "angel's hair" are fine-fibrous material with thickness of separate fibers less than 0.1 micron. The bulk of matted fibers in clumps or separate "threads" with a thickness of 20 microns. Fiber of white color, translucent. Analysis showed the content of boron, silicon, calcium, magnesium and minor amounts of some other elements.

Based on the above-described composition and physical properties, it can be assumed that the "angel hair" are mineral wool without binder impregnation (actually glass wool based on Boro-silicate glass).

Technology of production of mineral wool

Mineral wool in modern industry, used in the walls, uneven surfaces of any shape and configuration for the thermal insulation of building structures. Also widely applied in aviation as heat insulating material for pipes, nodes with a high temperature, for heat and sound insulation cabins, etc
 

angel_hair_05.jpg

Photo of mineral wool (GDR, 1958)

The concept of mineral wool according to GOST 52953-2008 "Materials and products thermal insulation. Terms and definitions", includes the following varieties of cotton:

Glass wool: Mineral wool is made from molten glass. (sand, soda, dolomite, limestone, borax or etibor).

Rock wool: Mineral wool is made mainly from melt to igneous rocks. (SiO2 45-65 %, Al2O3 10-20 %, CaO 5-15 %, MgO 5-10 %, Fe2O3 + FeO 10-15 %, Na2O + K2O 1-3 % )

Slag wool: a Mineral wool made from molten blast furnace slag (melt (after hardening — glassy mass) in the steel, smelting processes, covering the surface of the liquid metal, consists of surfaced products of gangue with flux.) [14]

Since the composition of "angel hair" closest to the glass wool, in the future will focus it. Consider a production technology of mineral wool in modern industry for example glass wool.

Source components

The necessary components for obtaining a glass - silicon, boron, calcium and magnesium.

As a source of raw materials for the production of glass used sand, soda, dolomite, limestone, borax (or etibor).

Dolomite: a rock-forming mineral class, carbonate, CaMg(CO3)2. White, grayish, etc.

Limestone: a sedimentary rock of organic, less chemogenic origin, consisting of nearly 100% CaCO3 (calcium carbonate) in the form of calcite crystals of different size.

Sodium tetraborate ("borax"): Na2B4O7, salt of the weak boric acid and a strong base, a common compound of boron, has several crystalline hydrates, widely used in engineering. Sodium tetraborate (Borax) is found in salt deposits formed by evaporation of seasonal lakes.

Sand: a sedimentary rock, or artificial material consisting of grains of rocks. Very often consists of almost pure quartz mineral (substance — silica).

Soda: in the nature of soda is found in the ash of certain marine algae, and minerals.

Production technology

In the bunker backfilled main components. Then comes the stage of melting mass. Dispensers loaded melting furnace in strict accordance with the recipe, so that when the temperature reaches 1400 °C, the mixture had specified mechanical properties for obtaining the thinnest of threads. The filaments obtained by the use of centrifugal force in high speed centrifuges. The process of spinning is accompanied by processing of polymer aerosols. As a binder used aqueous solutions of phenol — aldehyde polymer, modified with urea. The spray impregnated the thread gets on the rolls. On the Assembly line it goes through several stages of alignment. Formed a homogeneous steklopakety "carpet". Then comes the stage of polymerization at a temperature of 250 °C. the High temperature catalyst for the formation of polymer bonds. Along the way, the temperature in the chamber to evaporate the remainder moisture obtained with a spray. After curing, the mats become hard and become amber yellow. [8]

Possible conditions of formation of glass wool in nature

Based on the above historical data, the phenomenon of "angel hair" was observed before our era. Thus, it is possible to eliminate the influence of modern technology on their appearance and take into account only natural ingredients and methods.

To substantiate the hypothesis it is necessary to determine:

• the source of raw materials;
• the formation of fibers.

To obtain a fiber it is necessary that the composition has been heated to very high temperatures. In nature all the necessary elements (and many others) in a heated state often encountered when the eruption of volcanoes.

Heating to the desired temperature in nature can also be lightning, but she needs to get ready a mixture of all necessary components.

In the magma contains almost all chemical elements of the periodic table, among which are: Si, Al, Fe, CA, Mg, K, Ti, Na, and various volatile components (carbon oxides, hydrogen sulfide, hydrogen, fluorine, chlorine, etc.) and vaporous water. The volatile components during crystallization of magma at depth is partially included in the composition of various minerals (amphiboles, micas, and others). In rare cases there are magmatic melts disilicate composition, such as alkaline carbonate (volcanoes of East Africa) or sulfide. As you move the magma up, the quantity of volatile components is reduced. Degassed magma that flows on the surface, it is lava. [9]

Thus, magma can contain all essential for the formation of optical fiber components in the molten state.

For the formation of glass from a heated mixture of components necessary to centrifuge. The most famous natural centrifuge is a tornado. The reasons for the formation of tornadoes is still not fully understood, but clearly defined the geography of the occurrence of tornadoes, which coincides with the geography of the emergence of "angel hair", and information about the manifestation of the phenomenon is often preceded by information on passing not far away the storms and tornadoes.[11]
 

angel_hair_02.jpg

Regions of the world with increased likelihood of manifestations of tornadoes
(Source: National Climatic Data Center, Asheville, North Carolina)

In favor of this hypothesis is the timing of eruptions, accompanied by the formation of tornadoes, and loss of "angel hair" [10]. It should be noted that the shape of the lava in the form of rather trupka fibers of volcanic glass, naturally occurring in nature, called Pele's Hair.

Conclusion

Thus, the phenomenon of "angel hair" may have a natural origin. For their formation requires the convergence of several factors (natural phenomena): the volcanic eruption and formation of magma formed over the tornado. Transfer formed the "angel hair" and drop them in any area can occur by a mechanism similar to the "anomalous rainfall" when the sky falling fish, frogs or other small animals.

Translated by «Yandex.Translator»