Eclipse solar/lunar

An Eclipse is an astronomical situation where one celestial body blocks the light from another celestial body. The most famous lunar and solar eclipses.

A lunar Eclipse occurs when the Moon enters the cone of shadow cast by the Earth. The diameter of the shadow of the Earth at a distance of 363 000 km (the minimum distance of the moon from Earth) is about 2.5 diameters of the moon, so the Moon may be obscured entirely. However, it does not disappear completely, and becomes dark red. The reason is that some sunlight is tangent to the Earth's surface, scatters in the atmosphere and reaches the moon. The earth's atmosphere can best transmit beams of the red-orange spectrum, so during an Eclipse the Moon takes on a red hue. This property of Earth's atmosphere explains the red-orange glow of the sky at dawn and late afternoon hours. This phenomenon is associated with many superstitions.

A solar Eclipse occurs when the Moon gets between the observer and the Sun and obscures it. Because the Moon before the Eclipse, we turned to the dark side, before Eclipse is always a new moon, so the Moon is not visible and gives the impression that the Sun closes the black disc.

There are three types of eclipses: total, private, and annular.

If the observer is in the band the shadows, he sees a total solar Eclipse in which the Moon completely hides the Sun, the sky darkens, and it may appear planets and bright stars. Around the hidden Moon of the solar disk can be observed on the solar corona, which under normal bright light of the Sun is not visible. During a partial Eclipse, the Moon passes over the disk of the Sun is not exactly in the center, hiding the only part of it. The sky darkens much weaker than in a total solar Eclipse, the stars do not appear. An annular Eclipse occurs when the Moon is farther from Earth than during a total Eclipse, and the cone of the shadow passes over the earth's surface, not reaching her. Visually when the annular Eclipse the Moon passes over the solar disk, but is less than the Sun in diameter, and can not hide it completely. In the maximum phase of the Eclipse the Sun closed the Moon, but the moon can be seen bright ring uncovered part of the solar disk. The sky during the annular Eclipse remains bright, the stars do not appear to observe the corona of the Sun is impossible. One and the same Eclipse may be seen in different parts of the strip of the Eclipse as total or annular. This Eclipse is sometimes called a full circle (or hybrid).

Translated by «Yandex.Translator»